Ubumenyi shingiro / Amabanga

Uburyo bwo kutagaragara

Guhisha amakuru ntabwo ari ryo nkingi y'ikibazo. Kwerekana uwo ubutumwa bwakorewe ni ryo kibazo. Ibikorwa by'ibanga bituma server ishobora kwishyura ubutumwa ariko itazashobora kumenya uwo ibarira amafaranga.

Uru rupapuro rwahinduwe imashini kugirango byorohe. Umwimerere wicyongereza ni verisiyo ikoreshwa.

Akanya k’urujijo akaba ari ko akura

Ibiganiro ni ubwigenge bwuzuye bwo kurinda amakuru, ariko serivisi ikomeza kumenya ishingwe ya buri wese (public key) iri kuvugana na yo. Icyatunganyijwe imbere y'isanduku ya buri mpano cyashyizwe umukono ukoresheje umukono wawe (identity key); imirongo yawe y'ubwishyu, urutonde rw'ibiganiro byanyu n'uburyo bwo kwirinda gusubiramo amagambo, byose bishingiye kuri uwo mukono; kandi kopi y’ibisubizo byose yarakozwe byagenewe uwo mukono.

Nuko umuntu wese ufite uruhushya rwa bwite (private key) rwa bot ashobora kumenya urutonde rw'abakoresheje ubuvuganyo bwishyurwa, kandi umuntu wese ufite imbonerahamwe (database) ashobora kubikora nta ruhushya akenera. Nta kintu kiri hano ari ikibazo cyo gusobanura amakuru yafunzwe. Ni uko gusa izina ryawe riri ku mishinga.

Ifunguzo ryakoreshwa rimwe

The Anon chip, cyangwa ?anon, ikora amashusho y'urugero (keypair) kuri deyice yawe hanyuma iyobora ikiganiro cyose kuri yo. Kuva icyo gihe, amakuru, umukono w'ubunyangamugayo n'ubushake bw'umukono biba ari ryo funguzo gusa — funguzo yawe y'indangamuntu ntiyemeza na kimwe muri iki kiganiro.

Igisubizo kiguma aho Ihyuzanyirizo rya nyuma ya kwantamuAgafunguzo k'akanya gato kigira agafunguzo kwayo ka KEM, cyakomotse ku nkomoko yakozwe mu buryo butajyanye n'agafunguzo ko gusinya, bityo kumenyesha rimwe bituma irindi rigabanuka.

Igihe kibiri, ubuhamya bw'gusoma, ibimenyetso byo kwandika, ibimenyetso by'icyubahiro n'impinduramatwara kuri Nymbot birakurikirwa. Ibyo byose byari byakwinjiza umukono wawe nyayo muri iyo nkoranyambaga, bikaganisha ibyo byose. Niba porogaramu yawe itashobora kubisanzura — ikigega cyifunze, imiterere itaragarurwa — iranka kubyohereza aho kuba yakoresha umukono wawe mu buryo bwihishe.

Icyatuma ukoresha ijambo ry'ibanga ryo gukoresha rimwe ririherereye muri imyirondoro ubuhishanzu kandi bihura n'ibindi bikoresho byawe, kugira ngo ikiganiro n'umubare w'amafaranga biba bifite bikurikirana ukoresheje kubiroterora, amashami (keys) akoreshejwe mbere akomeza kuboneka igihe kirekire kugira ngo amateka yawo ashobore gusomwa kandi umubare w'amafaranga asigaye ashobore gukoreshwa.

Ikarita z'amafaranga zitagaragaza amakuru

Kuzamura ibikoresho (credits) gusa mu kintu kigari (throwaway key) byaba bitanga seriveri ikurikije uburyo bwo kuyivunira. Nuko ibikoresho binyura nka amashimbura atagaragara, mu buryo bwa Chaumian Cashu ikoresha.

1. App yawe ihitamo ibanga ritemewe kandi ikaryigisha ikintu kitateganyijwe.
2. Yemeje nk'izina ryawe ryo mu rwego rw'ibanga, isaba seriveri ko isinya agaciro kagezweho mu buryo bw'ibanga. Seriveri ikuva ku mafaranga ufite hanyuma isinya ikintu idashobora gusoma.
3. Buri umukono uba ugaragaza ibimenyetso by'uko urugero rw'umukono rwasohotse rwari rwo rwakoreshejwe. App yawe irawugenzura, ikarenga igikorwa cyose niba ibimenyetso bitari byemewe — umukono utagaragaza ibimenyetso ni ikimenyetso cy'ubugome, si ikibazo cy'isura gusa.
4. App yawe irenga ubusugire. Umusaruro ni agashakashaka (token) gakora neza ariko kagaragara nk'ikintu kitigeze kirebwa na serivure.
5. Nyuma, yemezwa nk'urugero rw'urufunguzo rwa rwami, rugaragaza uruhushya. Serva irugenzura, ikareba ko rutarakoreshejwe, ikazahamaza urufunguzo — nta kintu cyose gihari cyo kurugereranya na rwo.

Imbonerahamwe zirerekana ko hakozwe voucher kandi ko voucher yakoreshejwe. Ibi bitandukanye nta muntu bitorosha. Uruhuza ni rwo rurindira itumanaho rikaba ari ryo rishira ubumuntu, kandi kubika urwo ruhuza byasubiza byose aho byari bimeze.

Icyerekezo cy'amashanyarazi (keyset) cyasohorewe, kandi porogaramu yawe ikayihagarika kandi ikagucyura niba yahindutse — icyerekezo cy'amashanyarazi kuri buri muntu ni uburyo nyacyo uburyo bwo gushyira inyuma abakoresha bwa mint. Ushobora kandi kwirinda uwo mivugire yose ukagura ibicubirizo (credits) ubyinjiza mu buryo butazakoreshwa ubuhejuru bifite na ?buy.

Icyo kitatwara ibanga

Kuba ukuri ku nkingi ni yo nzira yonyine igatuma ibindi biba bifite agaciro.

• Ibyitambiko (relays) bibona umukundanyi umwe uvugisha amakuru y'impande zombi. Niba ibyo biri mu ntego zawe zo kwirinda, koresha Tor cyangwa VPN.
• Guhindura urugero n'uburyo uba ucyura ibisigaye byerekana imbuga imwe umukoresha utazwi wishyuriza undi.
• Imvugo ni imvugo. Ubu butumwa bwose bukurikiranywe n'urugero rumwe rw'agateganyo buriho isano n'andi bwo mu buryo bwo kubaka — ubufasha bukeneye imvugo nk'aho ari inkuru igenga.
• Icyanditse gishobora kumenya uwo uri we. Nta buryo bwo kubika amazi y'imfunguzo bwagufasha niba ikibazo kivuga izina ry'akazi uherereyeho.
• ?gift na ?transfer girira ku izina ryawe ry'ukuri, kuko byose bivuga konti ifite izina.